Ukusetyenziswa kwemithombo yezimbiwa eUkraine

Okwangoku, kukho amashishini angama-39 kwisebe lomsebenzi weGeological of Ukraine, phakathi kwawo i-13 ngamashishini amashishini ngokuthe ngqo phantsi korhulumente abandakanyeka ngokuthe ngqo kumgca wokuqala wokuhlola izixhobo eziphantsi komhlaba.Uninzi lweshishini likhubazekile ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali kunye nokungazinzi kwezoqoqosho.Ukuze kuphuculwe imeko, uRhulumente waseUkraine ukhuphe iMimiselo yoTshintsho lwecandelo leGeological and Underground Resources Exploration, eyaseka umgaqo-nkqubo odibeneyo wohlengahlengiso lwecandelo kunye nokuhlola, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokukhuselwa kwemithombo engaphantsi komhlaba.Icacisa ngokucacileyo ukuba ngaphandle kwamashishini ophononongo okuqala ali-13 karhulumente aya kuhlala ephantsi kukarhulumente, amanye amashishini aya kuguqulwa abe ngamashishini adityanisiweyo, anokuthi aguqulwe ngakumbi abe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zobunini obuxubeneyo amaqumrhu ezoqoqosho, kubandakanywa amazwe angaphandle- amashishini okwabelwana ngawo okanye amashishini angabanini bamazwe angaphandle ngokupheleleyo;Ngohlaziyo lwezakhiwo kunye nohlaziyo lwemizi-mveliso, amacandelo angaphambili aguqulwa abe ngamacandelo amatsha emveliso kunye nokusebenza, ngaloo ndlela efumana utyalo-mali kuwo omabini amajelo ohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nawongezelelweyo;Ukulungelelanisa ishishini, ukuphelisa iileya zolawulo, kunye nokunciphisa ulawulo ukunciphisa iindleko.
Okwangoku, amashishini angaphezu kwama-2,000 kwicandelo lemigodi yaseUkraine axhaphaza kwaye alungisa iidipozithi zezimbiwa eziphantsi komhlaba.Ngaphambi kokuwa kweSoviet Union, ama-20 ekhulwini abasebenzi baseUkraine babesebenza kumashishini emigodi, eqinisekisa ngaphezu kwama-80 ekhulwini obutyebi bendalo belizwe obufunwayo, ama-48 ekhulwini omvuzo welizwe wawuvela emigodini, yaye ama-30-35 ekhulwini ovimba bawo bamanye amazwe. zivela kwimigodi engaphantsi komhlaba.Ngoku ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho kunye nokunqongophala kwemali yemveliso e-Ukraine kunempembelelo enkulu kwishishini lokuhlola, kwaye nangakumbi ekuphuculeni izixhobo zobugcisa kwishishini lemigodi.
NgoFebruwari 1998, isikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-80 ye-Geological Exploration bureau yaseUkraine yakhupha idatha ebonisa ukuba: Inani elipheleleyo leendawo zemigodi e-Ukraine yi-667, iintlobo zemigodi malunga ne-94, kuquka nenani elikhulu leentlobo zezimbiwa ezifunekayo kwimveliso yoshishino.Iingcali zase-Ukraine zibeke ixabiso le-mineral deposits phantsi komhlaba kwi-7,5 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni.Kodwa iingcali zasentshona zibeka ixabiso loovimba baseUkraine abangaphantsi komhlaba ngaphezu kwe-11.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.Ngokutsho kwentloko ye-Ukraine ye-State Geological Resources Management Committee, olu vavanyo luqikelelo kakhulu.
Ukumbiwa kweGolide neSilivere eUkraine kwaqala ngowe-1997 nge-500 kg yegolide kunye ne-1,546 kg yesilivere yombiwa kummandla waseMuzhyev.I-joint venture yase-Ukraine-Russian emva koko yemba i-450 kg yegolide kumgodi wase-Savynansk ekupheleni kwe-1998.
Urhulumente uceba ukuvelisa iitoni zegolide ezili-11 ngonyaka.Ukuze ufezekise le njongo, i-Ukraine idinga ukwazisa ubuncinane i-$ 600 yezigidi zotyalo-mali kwinqanaba lokuqala, kwaye imveliso yonyaka kwinqanaba lesibini liya kufikelela kwiitoni ezingama-22-25.Ubunzima obuphambili ngoku kukungabikho kotyalo-mali kwinqanaba lokuqala.Iindawo ezininzi ezityebileyo kummandla waseTranscarpathia kwintshona yeUkraine ziye zafunyanwa zinomlinganiselo weegram ezisisi-5,6 zegolide ngetoni yentsimbi ekrwada, ngoxa idipozithi entle inokuba neegram ezisisi-8,9 zegolide ngetoni nganye yentsimbi ekrwada.
Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso, i-Ukraine sele iqhube uphando kwindawo yemigodi yaseMysk e-Odessa kunye nommandla wemigodi yaseBobrikov eDonetsk.Umgodi waseBobrikov ngummandla omncinci oqikelelwa ukuba nguvimba wegolide omalunga ne-1, 250 yeekhilogram kwaye unikwe imvume yokusetyenziswa.
I-oyile kunye negesi idiphozithi ye-oyile kunye negesi yase-Ukraine igxininiswe kwiindawo ezisezantsi ze-carpathian entshona, ukudakumba kweDonetsk-Dnipropetrovsk empuma kunye noLwandle oluMnyama kunye neshelufu yoLwandle lwase-azov.Eyona mveliso iphakamileyo yonyaka yayiziitoni ezizizigidi ezili-14.2 ngowe-1972. IUkraine inemithombo embalwa yezimbiwa eqinisekisiweyo yokubonelela ioli negesi yayo.Kuqikelelwa ukuba iUkraine ineetoni zeoli ezizibhiliyoni ezisisi-4,9, kodwa ziitoni ezisisi-1,2 samawaka ezigidi eziye zafunyanwa zilungele ukutsalwa.Abanye bafuna ukuphononongwa ngakumbi.Ngokutsho kweengcali zase-Ukraine, ukunqongophala kweoli kunye negesi, inani elipheleleyo le-oil reserves kunye nezinga leteknoloji yokuhlola ayiyona imiba engxamisekileyo ngoku, ingxaki ephambili kukuba ayinakukhutshwa.Ngokumalunga nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, Nangona iUkraine ingekho phakathi kwawona mazwe anoqoqosho oluncinci ukusebenzisa amandla, ilahlekelwe ngama-65% ukuya kuma-80% emveliso ye-oyile kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamasimi ayo eoli.Ke ngoko, kunyanzelekile ukuba kuphuculwe inqanaba lobugcisa kwaye kufuneke intsebenziswano yobugcisa obuphezulu.Okwangoku, i-Ukraine iye yenza uqhagamshelwano kunye namanye awona mashishini aphezulu angaphandle, kodwa isivumelwano sokugqibela sentsebenziswano siya kufuneka silinde ukuqaliswa komgaqo-nkqubo wesizwe waseUkraine, ngakumbi ukucaciswa okucacileyo kwemimiselo yokwahlulwa kwemveliso.Ngokutsho kwe-Ukrainian geological survey of the budget, ukuba ufuna ukufumana i-oyile kunye ne-gas mining concessions e-Ukraine, ishishini kufuneka liqale lityale i-700 yezigidi zeerandi zokuhlola izimbiwa, imigodi eqhelekileyo kunye ne-processing idinga ubuncinane i-3 yezigidigidi ngonyaka - i-4 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Ukuqukuqela kwemali, kuqukwa nokugrunjwa kwequla ngalinye eliya kufuna ubuncinane i-900 yezigidi yayilutyalo-mali.
I-Uranium Uranium ngumthombo wobuchule ongaphantsi komhlaba wase-Ukraine, oqikelelwa yi-International Atomic Energy Agency ukuba ibe nesihlanu koovimba abakhulu emhlabeni.
Imigodi yeuranium eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union iseUkraine.Ngo-1944, iqela lokuhlola umhlaba elikhokelwa nguLavlinko lemba idiphozithi yokuqala ye-uranium e-Ukraine ukuze kukhuseleke i-uranium yebhombu yeathom yokuqala yaseSoviet Union.Emva kweminyaka yokusebenza kwemigodi, iteknoloji yemigodi ye-Uranium e-Ukraine ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kakhulu.Ngo-1996, umgodi we-uranium wawusele ubuyele kumanqanaba ka-1991.
Ukumbiwa kwemigodi kunye nokusetyenzwa kwe-uranium e-Ukraine kufuna igalelo elibalulekileyo lemali, kodwa okubaluleke ngakumbi yintsebenziswano yeqhinga kunye neRashiya kunye neKazakhstan ukwenzela ukutyetyiswa kwe-uranium kunye nokuveliswa kwezinto ezinxulumene nokutyebisa i-uranium.
Ezinye iiminerali ezigcina ubhedu: Okwangoku uRhulumente wase-Ukraine umeme iithenda zokuhlola ngokudibeneyo kunye nokuxhaphaza umgodi wobhedu waseZhilov kwi-Oblast yaseVoloen.I-Ukraine itsale abantu abaninzi bangaphandle ngenxa yemveliso ephezulu kunye nomgangatho wobhedu, kwaye urhulumente uceba ukuthengisa imigodi yobhedu yaseUkraine kwiimarike zangaphandle ezifana neNew York neLondon.
Iidayimani: Ukuba iUkraine inokutyala ubuncinane i-hryvnia ezizigidi ezingama-20 ngonyaka, kungekudala iza kuba needayimani ezinde ezizezayo.Kodwa akukho kutyalomali olunjalo okwangoku.Ukuba akukho tyalo-mali ixesha elide, kunokwenzeka ukuba imbiwe ngabatyali-mali bangaphandle.
Intsimbi yentsimbi: Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso sophuhliso loqoqosho lonyaka sase-Ukraine, ngo-2010 i-Ukraine iya kufezekisa ngaphezu kwe-95% yokuzimela kwizinto ezibonakalayo zentsimbi kunye nemveliso yentsimbi, kwaye ingeniso yokuthumela ngaphandle iya kufikelela kwiibhiliyoni ezi-4 ~ 5 zeedola.
Ngokubhekiselele kwisicwangciso-qhinga sokumbiwa kwemigodi, eyona nto iphambili ngoku e-Ukraine kukufumana ngakumbi kwaye kuphononongwe ukumisela oovimba.Ikakhulu zibandakanya: igolide, chromium, ubhedu, inkonkxa, ilothe kunye nezinye isinyithi non-ayoni kunye namatye anqabileyo, i-phosphorus kunye nezinto ezinqabileyo, njl. ivolumu yokuthumela ngaphandle nge-1.5 kumaxesha e-2, kwaye unciphise inani lokungenisa nge-60 ukuya kwi-80 ipesenti, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu ukusilela kwezorhwebo.


Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-08-2022